Frailty
From a Biological toward a Biopsychosocial Understanding of Geriatric Syndrome
Keywords:
frailty, cognitive frailty, (psycho)social frailty, aging, geriatricsAbstract
The purpose of this paper is to define frailty: it is a dynamic process of reducing the physical, psychological and/or social functioning associated with aging. It is a common geriatric syndrome. It means an increased vulnerability of an individual to stressors due to lower physiological reserve and poorer homeostasis. In the PubMed electronic database we reviewed the available professional literature, including original scientific articles, systematic and other literature reviews, and expert opinions. In recent years, the focus of study has shifted from the purely physical aspects of frailty to a more holistic, biopsychosocial treatment of frail seniors. However, the profession is still not unanimous about the understanding of the concept, as there are many identification scales. A common consequence of frailty is a poorer treatment outcome as well as a poorer functional status. There is growing evidence of the effectiveness of various interventions that have a positive effect on already exhibited frailty, as well as prevent the development of frailty in vulnerable individuals.
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