Spirituality in Occupational Therapy – a Literature Review
Keywords:
occupational therapy, spirituality, knowledge, practice, holistic treatmentAbstract
Occupational therapy is a healthcare discipline that has been using a client-centred approach for the past few decades, including the aspects of spirituality. However, it remains unclear what spirituality is and how to best include it in the occupational therapy treatment process. The aim of this paper is to summarize the findings of previous research that examined the perception of spirituality among occupational therapists and their experience with using this concept in practice. A descriptive study was performed that involved a comprehensive literature review. The inclusion criteria were: focus on the topic of interest; type of article and year of publication; language used – English or Slovenian; availability of full text. The final analysis and synthesis included 12 articles which employed mainly qualitative methodology. We conclude that spirituality remains poorly defined among occupational therapists. It will most likely be necessary to re-evaluate some of the discipline’s key documents, for instance, academic standards, as well as develop and offer ongoing training in the area of spirituality. Occupational therapists use occupation as their main therapeutic medium. It needs to be recognized that occupation involves, among other things, elements of spirituality. Therefore, it is essential to be able to acknowledge and appreciate that in our everyday work.
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