Modeli in pristopi v delovni terapiji pri obravnavi oseb s posttravmatsko stresno motnjo – sistematični pregled literature
Ključne besede:
duševno zdravje, interdisciplinarni pristop, okupacije, travmatska izkušnjaPovzetek
Posttravmatska stresna motnja (PTSM) je posledica zakasnelega odziva na travmo ali stresor. Vpliva lahko na kakovost življenja osebe, zmanjša socialno vključenost, povzroči težave pri vzpostavljanju in vzdrževanju medosebnih odnosov ter zlorabo substanc. Narejen je bil sistematični pregled literature, s katerim smo želeli ugotoviti, kateri modeli in pristopi se najpogosteje uporabljajo v delovni terapiji pri obravnavi oseb s PTSM. V končno analizo je bilo vključenih 11 znanstvenih in 4 strokovni članki, ki so bili po kakovosti ocenjeni z orodji Joanna Briggs Instutute. Pregled literature je pokazal, da delovni terapevti pri obravnavi oseb s PTSM najpogosteje uporabljajo model človekove dejavnosti (MOHO), model oseba-okolje-okupacija (PEO) in kanadski model izvajanja dejavnosti in vključenosti (CMOP-E). Pristopi, ki se najpogosteje uporabljajo, so osredotočeni na uporabnika, skupnost, funkcije in aktivnosti. Uporablja se tudi kontekstualni pristop, interdisciplinarni pristop ter pristop, temelječ na razumevanju travme. Pri obravnavi uporabnika s PTSM je pomembno, da delovni terapevt izbere ustrezen model, pristop in ocenjevanje.
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