Napake pri ravnanju z zdravili in strategije za njihovo zmanjševanje
Ključne besede:
napake pri ravnanju z zdravili, preprečevanje napak pri ravnanju z zdravili, varnost pacientov, medicinska sestraPovzetek
Na globalni ravni predstavljajo napake, do katerih pride pri ravnanju z zdravili, najpogostejši neželeni dogodek v času hospitalizacije. Medicinske sestre vsakodnevno ravnajo z zdravili. Po naročilu zdravnika jih pripravijo in pacientu aplicirajo. Namen pregleda literature je opisati napake pri ravnanju z zdravili in ugotoviti strategije za njihovo zmanjševanje. Pregled literature je bil izveden v mednarodnih podatkovnih bazah: Medline, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library in CINAHL. Iz skupnega nabora relevantnih zadetkov (n = 5.507) smo v končno analizo vključili 17 člankov. Ugotovili smo, da so najpogostejše napake pri ravnanju z zdravili napačen čas aplikacije zdravila, neustrezen odmerek in aplikacija napačnega zdravila. Vzroki napak so neustrezna komunikacija, motnje pri pripravi in aplikaciji zdravil, preobremenjenost medicinskih sester in njihovo pomanjkljivo farmakološko znanje. Strategije za zmanjševanje napak vključujejo elektronsko predpisovanje terapije, dvojno preverjanje zdravila, prisotnost kliničnega farmacevta na oddelku, pripravo zdravil s strani medicinskih sester brez nepotrebnih prekinitev. Pomembno je, da se ob napakah pri ravnanju z zdravili strokovno odzove in prepreči njihova morebitna ponovitev. S sporočanjem in dokumentiranjem storjene napake pri ravnanju z zdravili se prispeva k izboljšanju kakovosti klinične prakse in varni zdravstveni oskrbi pacienta.
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