Analiza samopregledovanja dojk glede na oblikovan življenjski slog žensk
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55707/jhs.v9i1.126Ključne besede:
kajenje, alkohol, gibalna dejavnost, prehrana, samopregledovanje dojkPovzetek
Globalno je rak dojk najpogostejše maligno obolenje žensk. Redno in pravilno samopregledovanje dojk omogoči zgodnje odkrivanje sprememb in posledično zdravljenje v zgodnji fazi bolezni. Oblikovan zdrav življenjski slog zmanjšuje dejavnike tveganja za raka dojk. Cilj raziskave je bil analizirati izvajanje samopregledovanja dojk in življenjski slog žensk. Vzorec je zajel 214 priložnostno izbranih žensk v Sloveniji. Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda dela in kvantitativna metodologija raziskovanja s pomočjo ankete. Za preverjanje hipotez je bil uporabljen χ2-test v programu IBM SPSS v. 26. Ugotovili smo, da si mesečno samopregleduje dojke le 15 % anketirank in le 16,4 % jih izvaja pravilno samopregledovanje dojk (p < 0,001). Dojke si mesečno samopregledujejo anketiranke, stare 20–29 let (p = 0,020), in anketiranke z dedno obremenjenostjo z rakom dojk (p < 0,001). 55,6 % anketirank je zdravstveno osebje naučilo samopregledovanja dojk. Alkohol pije 79 % anketirank. Zajtrk dnevno uživa 71,7 % anketirank, starih 20–29 let (p = 0,009). Z gibalno dejavnostjo z učinki na zdravje se ukvarja 35,5 % anketirank, med katerimi si jih 18,4 % mesečno samopregleduje dojke (p < 0,001). Medicinske sestre imajo pomembno vlogo pri izobraževanju žensk za sistematično samopregledovanje dojk ter spodbujanju k mesečnemu samopregledovanju dojk in oblikovanju zdravega življenjskega sloga.
Literatura
Abay, M., Tuke, G., Zewdie, E. idr. (2018). Breast self‑examination practice and associated factors among women aged 20–70 years attending public health institutions of Adwa town, North Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes, 11(1), 622. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-018-3731-9
Allen, T. L., van Groningen, B. J., Barksdale, D. J. idr. (2010). The breast self-examination 6 controversy: what providers and patients should know. J Nurse Pract, 6(4), 444–451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nurpra.2009.11.005
Al-Naggar, R. A., Bobryshev, Y. V. in Al-Jashamy, K. (2012). Practice of breast self-examination among women in Malaysia. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 13(8), 3829–3833. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2012.13.8.3829, https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2012.13.8.3595
Amoran, O. E. in Toyobo, O. O. (2015). Predictors of breast self-examination as cancer prevention practice among women of reproductive age-group in a rural town in Nigeria. Niger Med J, 56(3), 185–189. https://doi.org/10.4103/0300-1652.160362
Angahar, L. T. (2017). An overview of breast cancer epidemiology, risk factors, pathophysiology, and cancer risks reduction. Biology and Medicine, 1(4), 92–96. https://doi.org/10.15406/mojbm.2017.01.00019
Anwar, S. L., Tampubolon, G., Van Hemelrijck, M. idr. (2018). Determinants of cancer screening awareness and participation among Indonesian women. BMC Cancer, 18(1), 208. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-018-4125-z
Bao, Y., Kwok, C. in Lee, C. F. (2018). Breast cancer screening behaviors among Chinese women in Mainland China. Nurs Health Sci, 20(4), 445–451. https://doi.org/10.1111/nhs.12533
Borštnar, S., Bračko, M., Čufer. T. idr. (2006). Rak dojke: kaj morate vedeti. 2 izd. Ljubljana: Onkološki inštitut Ljubljana. Dostopno na: https://dora.onkoi.si/fileadmin/user_upload/Dokumenti/Rak-dojke.pdf (pridobljeno 9. 3. 2020).
Chianca, F. M., Lacerda, I. P., Cabral, D. M. idr. (2015). Breast self-examination: older adult women‘s experience in an family health unit. J Nurs, 9(8), 8831−8837.
Doganer, Y. C., Aydogan, U., Kilbas, Z. idr. (2014). Predictors affecting breast self-examination practice among Turkish women. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 15(20), 9021–9025. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2014.15.20.9021
Erdem, Ö. in Toktaş, İ. (2016). Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors about breast self-examination and mammography among female primary healthcare workers in Diyarbakır, Turkey. Biomed Res Int, ID 6490156. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/6490156
Gungormus, Z., Zengin, E. Y. in Cicek, Z. (2018). Health responsibility levels and knowledge and practices related to early detection of women’ breast cancer. Int. J Caring Sci, 11(3), 1483–1491.
HHS – Department of health and human services (2014). The health consequences of smoking–50 years of progress: a report of the surgeon general. Atlanta: Centers for disease control and prevention, National center for chronic disease prevention and health promotion, Office on smoking and health. Dostopno na: ttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK179276/pdf/Bookshelf_NBK179276.pdf (pridobljeno 9. 3. 2020).
Hočevar, T., Henigman, K. in Štruc, A. (2018). SOPA – Skupaj za odgovoren odnos do pitja alkohola. Ljubljana: Nacionalni inštitut za javno zdravje. Dostopno na: https://www.sopa.si/assets/vsebinskaPROMOgradiva/SOPA-Brosura-ZA-TISK-oktober.pdf (pridobljeno 9. 3. 2020).
Karadag Arli, S., Bakan, A. B. in Aslan, G. (2018). Distribution of cervical and breast cancer risk factors in women and their screening behaviours. Eur J Cancer Care, 28(2), e12960. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecc.12960
Khazaee - Pool, M., Montazeri, A., Majlessi, F. idr. (2014). Breast cancer-preventive behaviors: exploring Iranian women’s experiences. BMC Womens Health, 14(41), 1‒9. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6874-14-41
Leitzmann, M., Powers, H., Anderson, A. S. idr. (2015). European code against cancer 4th edition: physical activity and cancer. Cancer Epidemiol, 39(1), 46–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canep.2015.03.009
Leon, M. E., Peruga, A., McNeill, A. idr. (2015). European code against cancer, 4th edition: tobacco and cancer. Cancer Epidemiol, 39(1), 20–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canep.2015.06.001
Lobo, R. A., Gershenson, D. M., Lentz, G. M. idr. (2017). Comprehensive gynecology. 7th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier.
Neilson, H. K., Farris, M. S., Stone, C. R. idr. (2017). Moderate-vigorous recreational physical activity and breast cancer risk, stratified by menopause status: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Menopause, 24(3), 322–344. https://doi.org/10.1097/GME.0000000000000745
Norat, T., Scoccianti, C., Boutron - Ruault, M. C. idr. (2015). European code against cancer 4th edition: diet and cancer. Cancer Epidemiol, 39(1), 56–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canep.2014.12.016
Nowicki, A., Kosicka, B. in Lemanowicz, M. (2017). Satisfaction with life and health-promoting behaviours in the context of prevention and early detection of breast cancer in physically active women. OncoRev, 7(1), 5–14. https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0009.7403
Özdemir, A., Akansel, N., Tunc, G. Ç. idr. (2014). Determination of breast self-examination knowledge and breast self-examination practices among women and effects of education on their knowledge. Int. J Caring Sci, 7(3), 792–798.
Quirino Freitas, A. G. in Weller, M. (2016). Knowledge about risk factors for breast cancer and having a close relative with cancer affect the frequency of breast self-examination performance. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 17(4), 2075−2081. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2016.17.4.2075
Rivera - Franco, M. M. in Leon - Rodriguez, E. (2018). Delays in breast cancer detection and treatment in developing countries. Breast Cancer, 8 (12), 1178223417752677. https://doi.org/10.1177/1178223417752677
Schwartz, L. A., Henry - Moss, D., Egleston, B. idr. (2018). Preventative health and risk behaviors among adolescent girls with and without family histories of breast cancer. J Adolesc Health, 64(1), 116–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2018.07.011
Scoccianti, C., Cecchini, M., Anderson, A. S. idr. (2016). European code against cancer 4th edition: alcohol drinking and cancer. Cancer Epidemiol, 45, 181–188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canep.2016.09.011
Šuljić, P., Sorta - Bilajac Turina, I., Sesar, Ž. idr. (2018). Health Status, lifestyle, use of health services, social capital and life satisfaction as predictors of mental health - comparative analysis of women that receive and do not receive public assistance in Croatia. Psychiatr Danub, 30(4), 421–432. https://doi.org/10.24869/psyd.2018.421
Tavafian, S. S., Hasani, L., Aghamolaei, T. idr. (2009). Prediction of breast self-examination in a sample of Iranian women: an application of the Health Belief Model. BMC Womens Health, 9(1), 37. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6874-9-37
Thomas, D. B., Gao, D. L., Ray, R. M. idr. (2002). Randomized trial of breast self-examination in Shanghai: final results. J Natl Cancer Inst, 94(19), 1445–1457. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/94.19.1445
Udoh, R. H., Ansu - Mensah, M., Tahiru, M. idr. (2020). Mapping evidence on women’s knowledge and practice of breast self-examination in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review protocol. Syst Rev, 9(2), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-019-1254-7
von Dawans, B., Ditzen, B., Trueg, A. idr. (2019). Effects of acute stress on social behavior in women. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 99, 137–144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.08.031
WHO – World health organization (2018). Global status report on alcohol and health 2018. Geneva: World health organization. Dostopno na: https://www.who.int/substance_abuse/publications/global_alcohol_report/gsr_2018/en/ (pridobljeno 9. 3. 2020).
WHO – World health organization (2019). Nutrition in universal health coverage. Geneva: World health organization. Dostopno na: https://www.who.int/publications-detail/WHO-NMHNHD-19.24 (pridobljeno 9. 3. 2020).
Yoo, B. N., Choi, K. S., Jung, K. W. idr. (2012). Awareness and practice of breast self-examination among Korean women: results from a nationwide survey. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 13(1), 123–125. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2012.13.1.123
Prenosi
Objavljeno
Kako citirati
Številka
Rubrike
Licenca
Avtorske pravice (c) 2022 Julija Pušnik, Suzana Mlinar
To delo je licencirano pod Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva 4.0 mednarodno licenco.
