Managerial Competencies Among Healthcare Leaders – An Exploratory Study in Selected Healthcare Organizations

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55707/jhs.v12i2.181

Keywords:

management, leadership, governance, competences, skills

Abstract

This study examined how senior healthcare managers assess the importance of managerial competences, their own skills, and the alignment between the two. We also explored the influence of prior training and the willingness to pursue further development. Six key competency areas were identified — communication, staff leadership, planning, financial management, problem-solving, and organisational management — and a questionnaire tailored to the Slovenian context was developed. The study included 134 respondents from 15 healthcare institutions, yielding a response rate of 31.46%. The average ratings of competency importance ranged from 4.6 to 4.7 on a five-point scale, indicating a high perceived value, while self-assessments of competences were lower, ranging from 3.5 to 3.9. The highest alignment was observed in staff leadership, and the greatest discrepancy in financial management. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between the perceived importance and self-assessment (p <0.001), as well as between the respondents with and without prior training experience. The findings indicate a high level of awareness of the importance of managerial competences and highlight the need for targeted training programmes. 

References

1. Aggarwal, R. in Swanwick, T. (2015). Clinical leadership development in postgraduate medical education and training: Policy, strategy, and delivery in the UK National Health Service. Journal of Healthcare Leadership, 7, 109–122. https://doi.org/10.2147/JHL.S69330

2. Belghiti Alaoui, A., De Brouwere, V., Meessen, B. in Bigdeli, M. (2020). Decision-making and health system strengthening: Bringing time frames into perspective. Health Policy and Planning, 35(9), 1254–1261. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czaa086

3. Careau, E., Biba, G., Brander, R., Van Dijk, J. P., Verma, S., Paterson, M. in Tassone, M. (2014). Health leadership education programs, best practices, and impact on learners’ knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behaviors and system change: A literature review. Journal of Healthcare Leadership, 6, 39–49. https://doi.org/10.2147/JHL.S61127

4. Daouk‐Öyry, L., Sahakian, T. in Vijver, F. (2020). Evidence‐based management competency model for managers in hospital settings. British Journal of Management, 32(4), 1384–1403. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.12434

5. Dikić, M., Nikolić, D., Todorović, J., TerzićSupić, Z., Kostadinović, M., Babić, U., Gačević, M. in SantrićMilićević, M. (2019). Alignment of perceived competencies and perceived job tasks among primary care managers. Healthcare, 8(1), članek 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8010009

6. Fanelli, S., Lanza, G., Enna, C. in Zangrandi, A. (2020). Managerial competences in public organisations: The healthcare professionals’ perspective. BMC Health Services Research, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-020-05179-5

7. Figueroa, C. A., Harrison, R., Chauhan, A. in Meyer, L. (2019). Priorities and challenges for health leadership and workforce management globally: A rapid review. BMC Health Services Research, 19(1), članek 239. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4080-7

8. Hahn, C. A. in Gil Lapetra, M. (2019). Development and use of the leadership competencies for healthcare services managers assessment. Frontiers in Public Health, 7, članek 34. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2019.00034

9. Jankelová, N., Joniaková, Z. in Romanová, A. (2021). The need for management education of healthcare management employees. The International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 37(1). https://doi.org/10.1002/hpm.3325

10. Kakemam, E., Liang, Z., Janati, A., Arab-Zozani, M., Mohaghegh, B. in Gholizadeh, M. (2020). Leadership and management competencies for hospital managers: A systematic review and best-fit framework synthesis. Journal of Healthcare Leadership, 12(2), 59–68. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7383104/

11. Kramar Zupan, M. in Erjavec, K. (2020). Kompetence in potrebe po izobraževanju direktorjev slovenskih bolnišnic. Pedagoška obzorja, 35(1), 114–131. https://www.dspo.si/index.php/dspo/article/view/16

12. Loureiro, R., Ferreira, J. J. in Simões, J. (2021). Understanding healthcare sector organizations from a dynamic capabilities perspective. European Journal of Innovation Management. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-02-2021-0085

13. Malik, N., Dhar, R. L. in Handa, S. C. (2016). Authentic leadership and its impact on creativity of nursing staff: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey of Indian nurses and their supervisors. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 63, 28–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.08.004

14. Nacionalni inštitut za javno zdravje. (2025). RIZDDZ – Register izvajalcev zdravstvene dejavnosti in delavcev v zdravstvu. https://nijz.si/informatika-v-zdravstvu/rizddz-register-izvajalcev-zdravstvene-dejavnosti-in-delavcev-v-zdravstvu/

15. Rahman, M. H., Dey, T. in Al-Amin, M. (2019). Relationship between organizational strategy and leadership style in performance efficiency. Asian Business Review, 9(1), 17–22. https://doi.org/10.18034/abr.v9i1.221

16. Republika Slovenija. (2025). Zakon o zdravstveni dejavnosti (ZZDej-N). Uradni list RS, št. 23/05. https://pisrs.si/pregledPredpisa?id=ZAKO214

17. Rogers, R. (2012). Leadership communication styles: A descriptive analysis of health care professionals. Journal of Healthcare Leadership, 4, 47–57. https://doi.org/10.2147/JHL.S30795

18. Santrić Milicevic, M. M., Bjegovic-Mikanovic, V. M., Terzic-Supić, Z. J. in Vasic, V. (2010). Competencies gap of management teams in primary health care. European Journal of Public Health, 21(2), 247–253. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckq010

19. Skela-Savič, B., Albreht, T., Sermeus, W., Lobe, B., Bahun, M. in Dello, S. (2023). Patient outcomes and hospital nurses’ workload: A cross-sectional observational study in Slovenian hospitals using the RN4CAST survey. Zdravstveno varstvo, 62(2), 59–66. https://doi.org/10.2478/sjph-2023-0009

20. Sonnino, R. (2016). Health care leadership development and training: Progress and pitfalls. Journal of Healthcare Leadership, 8, 19–29. https://doi.org/10.2147/JHL.S68068

21. Stoller, J. K. (2013). Commentary: Recommendations and remaining questions for health care leadership training programs. Academic Medicine, 88(1), 12–15. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0b013e318276bff1

22. Stoller, J. K. (2020). A perspective on the educational “SWOT” of the coronavirus pandemic. Chest, 159(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2020.09.087

23. Svetovna zdravstvena organizacija. (2019). Health systems governance. https://www.who.int/health-topics/universal-health-coverage/health-systems-governance#tab=tab_1

24. Svetovna zdravstvena organizacija. (2020). WHO guideline on health workforce development, attraction, recruitment and retention in rural and remote areas. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240024229

25. White, B. A. A., White, H. D., Bledsoe, C., Hendricks, R. in Arroliga, A. C. (2020). Conflict management education in the intensive care unit. American Journal of Critical Care, 29(6), e135–e138. https://doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2020886

Published

2025-12-22

How to Cite

Terseglav, S., Kušar, B., & Skela Savič, B. (2025). Managerial Competencies Among Healthcare Leaders – An Exploratory Study in Selected Healthcare Organizations. Revija Za Zdravstvene Vede, 12(2), 76–93. https://doi.org/10.55707/jhs.v12i2.181

Issue

Section

Articles