Napredno timsko delo v zdravstvu, kombinacija znanja in spretnosti: pregled literature
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55707/jhs.v9i2.135Ključne besede:
timski pristop, »skill mix«, interdisciplinarni pristop, zdravstvena negaPovzetek
Vsak dan kompleksnejša obravnava pacientov z vse večjim številom kroničnih obolenj/stanj zahteva vključevanje vse večjega števila strokovnjakov različnih zdravstvenih in nezdravstvenih področij. Vse pogosteje v obravnavi pacientov sodelujejo različni zdravniki specialisti, medicinke sestre, fizioterapevti, dietetiki, farmacevti, psihologi in drugi strokovnjaki. Izveden je bil pregled literature, s katerim smo želeli ugotoviti, kako se povezujejo in sodelujejo različni zdravstveni delavci na vseh ravneh zdravstvenega varstva. Ključna besedna zveza za iskalni niz je bila kombinacija znanja in spretnosti (»skill mix«), postavljeni pa so bili tudi vključitveni kriteriji. Potek raziskave je prikazan v PRIZMA diagramu. Na podlagi pregleda izbranih virov smo oblikovali štiri vsebinske kategorije: »skill mix« v bolnišničnem okolju, »skill mix« v institucionalnem varstvu in skrbi za starejše odrasle, »skill mix« na primarni zdravstveni ravni ter »skill mix« v času pandemije covida-19. Timsko delo, ki zajema prenos/kombinacijo znanj in spretnosti, postaja velik izziv za zdravstveni sistem. Na podlagi ugotovitev sklepamo, da lahko prinese revolucionarne spremembe v oskrbi pacientov na vseh ravneh zdravstvenega in socialnega varstva. Ključni elementi za uspeh so sodelovanje, spoštovanje znanj in spretnosti vseh vključenih in dobra organizacija v času uvajanja sprememb.
Literatura
Adam, B. in Keers, R. N. (2022). Exploring the Views of Healthcare Professionals Working in a Mental Health Trust on Pharmacists as Future Approved Clinicians. Pharmacy, 10(4), 80. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy10040080
Al-Kudhairi, F., Kayyali, R., Savickas, V. idr. (2018). A Qualitative Study Exploring the Role of Pharmacists in Medical Student Training for the Prescribing Safety Assessment. Pharmacy, 6(3), 87. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy6030087
Baernholdt, M., Yan, G., Hinton, I. D. idr. (2020). Effect of preventive care interventions on pressure ulcer rates in a national sample of rural and urban nursing units: Longitudinal associations over 4 years. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 105, 103455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.103455
Barker, R. O., Stocker, R., Russell, S. idr. (2021). Future-proofing the primary care workforce: A qualitative study of home visits by emergency care practitioners in the UK. European Journal of General Practice, 27(1), 68–76. https://doi.org/10.1080/13814788.2021.1909565
Bartlett, S., Bullock, A., Spittle, K. (2021). I thought it would be a very clearly defined role and actually it wasn’t’: A qualitative study of transition training for pharmacists moving into general practice settings in Wales. BMJ Open, 11(10), e051684. https://doi.org/10.1136/
bmjopen-2021-051684
Bawontuo, V., Adomah-Afari, A., Amoah, W. W. idr. (2021). Rural healthcare providers coping with clinical care delivery challenges: Lessons from three health centres in Ghana. BMC Family Practice, 22(1), 32. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-021-01379-y
Boakye, N. T., Scott, R., Parsons, A. idr. (2019). All change: A stroke inpatient service’s experience of a new clinical neuropsychology delivery model. BMJ Open Quality, 8(1), e000184. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjoq-2017-000184
Boughen, M., in Fenn, T. (2020). Practice, Skill Mix, and Education: The Evolving Role of Pharmacy Technicians in Great Britain. Pharmacy, 8(2), 50. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy8020050
Bourgon Labelle, J., Audet, L.-A., Farand, P. idr. (2019). Are hospital nurse staffing practices associated with postoperative cardiac events and death? A systematic review. PLOS ONE, 14(10), e0223979. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223979
Bridges, J., Griffiths, P., Oliver, E. idr. (2019). Hospital nurse staffing and staff–patient interactions: An observational study. BMJ Quality & Safety, 28(9), 706–713. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2018-008948
Burau, V., Carstensen, K., Lou, S. idr. (2017). Professional groups driving change toward patientcentred care: Interprofessional working in stroke rehabilitation in Denmark. BMC Health Services Research, 17(1), 662. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-017-2603-7
Casteli, C. P. M., Mbemba, G. I. C., Dumont, S. idr. (2020). Indicators of home-based hospitalization model and strategies for its implementation: A systematic review of reviews. Systematic Reviews, 9(1), 172. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-020-01423-5
Cool, L., Vandijck, D., Debruyne, P. idr. (2018). Organization, quality and cost of oncological home-hospitalization: A systematic review. Critical Reviews & Oncology/Hematology, 126, 145–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.03.011
Creedon, R., Byrne, S., Kennedy, J. idr. (2015). The impact of nurse prescribing on the clinical setting. British Journal of Nursing, 24(17), 878–885. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2015.24.17.878
Echevarria, C., Brewin, K., Horobin, H. idr. (2016). Early Supported Discharge/Hospital At Home For Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Review and Meta-Analysis. COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, 13(4), 523–533. https://doi.org/10.3109/15412555.2015.1067885
Evans, C., Pearce, R., Greaves, S. idr. (2020). Advanced Clinical Practitioners in Primary Care in the UK: A Qualitative Study of Workforce Transformation. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(12), 4500. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124500
Francetic, I., Gibson, J., Spooner, S. idr. (2022). Skill-mix change and outcomes in primary care: Longitudinal analysis of general practices in England 2015–2019. Social Science & Medicine, 308, 115224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115224
French, H. P. in Galvin, R. (2018). Physiotherapy managers’ views of musculoskeletal physiotherapy service provision in Ireland: A qualitative study. Primary Health Care Research & Development, 19(01), 77–87. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1463423617000469
Freund, T., Everett, C., Griffiths, P. idr. (2015). Skill mix, roles and remuneration in the primary care workforce: Who are the healthcare professionals in the primary care teams across the world? International Jurnal of Nursing Studies, 52(3), 727–743. https://doi.org/doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2014.11.014
Gibson, J., Francetic, I., Spooner, S. idr. (2022). Primary care workforce composition and population, professional, and system outcomes: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis. British Journal of General Practice, 72(718), e307–e315. https://doi.org/10.3399/BJGP.2021.0593
Gonçalves-Bradley, D. C., Iliffe, S., Doll, H. A. idr. (2017). Early discharge hospital at home. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2021(7). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD000356.pub4
Groenewegen, P. P., Boerma, W. G. W., Spreeuwenberg, P. idr. (2021a). Task shifting from general practitioners to practice assistants and nurses in primary care: A cross-sectional survey in 34 countries – RETRACTED. Primary Health Care Research & Development, 22, e66. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1463423621000657
Groenewegen, P. P., Boerma, W. G. W., Spreeuwenberg, P. idr. (2021b). Task shifting from general practitioners to practice assistants and nurses in primary care: A cross-sectional survey in 34 countries – RETRACTED. Primary Health Care Research & Development, 22, e66. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1463423621000657
Hall, K., Maxwell, L., Cobb, R. idr. (2021). Physiotherapy service provision in a specialist adult cystic fibrosis service: A pre-post design study with the inclusion of an allied health assistant. Chronic Respiratory Disease, 18, 147997312110178. https://doi.org/10.1177/14799731211017895
Halter, M., Joly, L., de Lusignan, S. idr. (2018). Capturing complexity in clinician case-mix: Classification system development using GP and physician associate data. BJGP Open, 2(1), bjgpopen18X101277. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgpopen18X101277
Havaei, F., Dahinten, V. S., MacPhee, M. (2019). Effect of Nursing Care Delivery Models on Registered Nurse Outcomes. SAGE Open Nursing, 5, 237796081986908. https://doi.org/10.1177/2377960819869088
Holmes, R. D., Burford, B., Vance, G. (2020). Development and retention of the dental workforce: Findings from a regional workforce survey and symposium in England. BMC Health Services Research, 20(1), 255. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-020-4980-6
Hsu, H.-C., Kung, H.-W., Chiang, W.-J. idr. (2021). A Comparison of Nurse Aides and Nurses Regarding the Work Competence of Nurse Aides & a Skill-Mixed Institution. Healthcare, 9(12), 1725. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9121725
Hughes, A. M., Gregory, M. E., Joseph, D. L. idr. (2016). Saving lives: A meta-analysis of team training in healthcare. Journal of Applied Psychology, 101(9), 1266–1304. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000120
Jacobs, S., Bradley, F., Elvey, R. idr. (2017). Investigating the organisational factors associated with variation in clinical productivity in community pharmacies: A mixed-methods study. Health Services and Delivery Research, 5(27), 1–186. https://doi.org/10.3310/hsdr05270
Jeppesen, E., Brurberg, K. G., Vist, G. E. idr. (2012). Hospital at home for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003573.pub2
Josi, R. in De Pietro, C. (2019). Skill mix in Swiss primary care group practices—A nationwide online survey. BMC Family Practice, 20(1), 39. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-019-0926-7
Kari, H., Kortejärvi, H., Laaksonen, R. (2022). Developing an interprofessional people-centred care model for home-living older people with multimorbidities in a primary care health centre: A community-based study. Exploratory Research & Clinical and Social Pharmacy, 5, 100114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcsop.2022.100114
Koopmans, L., Damen, N., Wagner, C. (2018). Does diverse staff and skill mix of teams impact quality of care in long-term elderly health care? An exploratory case study. BMC Health Services Research, 18(1), 988. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3812-4
Köppen, J., Hartl, K., Maier, C. B. (2021). Health workforce response to Covid‐19: What pandemic preparedness planning and action at the federal and state levels in Germany?: Germany’s health workforce responses to Covid‐19. The International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 36(S1), 71–91. https://doi.org/10.1002/hpm.3146
Kuhlmann, E., Brînzac, M.-G., Burau, V. idr. (2021). Health workforce protection and preparedness during the COVID-19 pandemic: A tool for the rapid assessment of EU health systems. European Journal of Public Health, 31(Supplement_4), iv14–iv20. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckab152
Lasater, K. B., McHugh, M. D., Rosenbaum, P. R. idr. (2021a). Evaluating the Costs and Outcomes of Hospital Nursing Resources: A Matched Cohort Study of Patients with Common Medical Conditions. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 36(1), 84–91. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-020-06151-z
Lasater, K. B., McHugh, M., Rosenbaum, P. R. idr. (2021b). Valuing hospital investments in nursing: Multistate matched-cohort study of surgical patients. BMJ Quality & Safety, 30(1), 46–55. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2019-010534
Leary, A. in Punshon, G. (2019). Determining acute nurse staffing: A hermeneutic review of an evolving science. BMJ Open, 9(3), e025654. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025654
Lovink, M. H. in Vught, A. (J. A. H. ), Persoon, A., Koopmans, R. T. C. M., Laurant, M. G. H., in Schoonhoven, L. (2019). Skill mix change between physicians, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and nurses in nursing homes: A qualitative study. Nursing & Health Sciences, 21(3), 282–290. https://doi.org/10.1111/nhs.12601
Lubbe, W., Ham-Baloyi, W.H., Smit, K. (2020). The integrative literature review as a research method: A demonstration review of research on neurodevelopmental supportive care in preterm infants. Journal of Neonatal Nursing, 26(6), 308–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnn.2020.04.006
Lucero, R. J., Lindberg, D. S., Fehlberg, E. A. idr. (2019). A data-driven and practice-based approach to identify risk factors associated with hospital-acquired falls: Applying manual and semi- and fully-automated methods. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 122, 63–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2018.11.006
Maier, C. B. in Aiken, L. H. (2016). Task shifting from physicians to nurses in primary care in 39 countries: A cross-country comparative study. The European Journal of Public Health, 26(6), 927–934. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckw098
Maier, C. B., Williams, G. A., Budde, H., Pfirter, L. idr. (2022). Skill-mix for primary and chronic care: Definitions, conceptual framework and relevance for policy and practice. V J. Figueras, M. McKee, E. Mossialos, in R. Busse (Ur.), Skill-mix Innovation, Effectiveness and Implementation.
Inproving Primarz and Chronic Care (Let. 2022). European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. https://eurohealthobservatory.who.int/publications/m/skill-mix-innovation-effectivenessand-implementation-improving-primary-and-chronic-care
Mann, T., de Ridder, D., Fujita, K. (2013). Self-regulation of health behavior: Social psychological approaches to goal setting and goal striving. Health Psychology, 32(5), 487–498. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028533
Mayo, A. T. in Williams Woolley, A. (2016). Teamwork in Health Care: Maximizing Collective Intelligence via Inclusive Collaboration and Open Communication. AMA Journal of Ethics, 18(9), 933–940. https://doi.org/10.1001/journalofethics.2016.18.9.stas2-1609
Mijovic, H., McKnight, J., English, M. (2016). What does the literature tell us about health workers’ experiences of task‐shifting projects in sub‐Saharan Africa? A systematic, qualitative review. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 25(15–16), 2083–2100. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.13349
Mitchell, P., Wynia, M., Golden, R. idr. (2012). Core Principles & Values of Effective Team-Based Health Care. (Let. 2012). Institute of Medicine. https://nam.edu/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/VSRT-Team-Based-Care-Principles-Values.pdf
Nayeri, N., Samadi, N., Mehrnoush, N. idr. (2020). Experiences of nurses within a nurse-led multidisciplinary approach in providing care for patients with diabetic foot ulcer. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 9(6), 3136. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1008_19
Nelson, P. A., Bradley, F., Martindale, A.-M. idr. (2019). Skill-mix change in general practice: A qualitative comparison of three ‘new’ non-medical roles in English primary care. British Journal of General Practice, 69(684), e489–e498. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp19X704117
Nicholson, E. C. in Damons, A. (2022). Is medication administration in the elderly influenced by nurses’ demographics in South Africa? Health SA Gesondheid, 27. https://doi.org/10.4102/hsag.v27i0.1750
Nzinga, J., McKnight, J., Jepkosgei, J. idr. (2019). Exploring the space for task shifting to support nursing on neonatal wards in Kenyan public hospitals. Human Resources for Health, 17(1), 18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12960-019-0352-x
Oppel, E.-M. in Young, G. J. (2018). Nurse Staffing Patterns and Patient Experience of Care: An Empirical Analysis of U.S. Hospitals. Health Services Research, 53(3), 1799–1818. https://doi. org/10.1111/1475-6773.12756
Padula, W. V. in Davidson, P. (2020). Countries with High Registered Nurse (RN) Concentrations Observe Reduced Mortality Rates of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3566190
Pagaiya, N., Noree, T., Hongthong, P. idr. (2021). From village health volunteers to paid care givers: The optimal mix for a multidisciplinary home health care workforce in rural Thailand. Human Resources for Health, 19(1), 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12960-020-00542-3
Pype, P., Mertens, F., Helewaut, F. idr. (2018). Healthcare teams as complex adaptive systems: Understanding team behaviour through team members’ perception of interpersonal interaction. BMC Health Services Research, 18(1), 570. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3392-3
Qaddoura, A., Yazdan-Ashoori, P., Kabali, C., idr. (2015). Efficacy of Hospital at Home in Patients with Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLOS ONE, 10(6), e0129282. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0129282
Rafiq, M. U., Valchanov, K., Vuylsteke, A. idr. (2020). Regional extracorporeal membrane oxygenation retrieval service during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) pandemic: An interdisciplinary team approach to maintain service provision despite increased demand. European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, 58(5), 875–880. https://doi.org/10.1093/ejcts/ezaa327
Riddell, K., Bignell, L., Bourne, D. idr. (2022). The context, contribution and consequences of addressing the COVID ‐19 pandemic: A qualitative exploration of executive nurses’ perspectives. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 78(7), 2214–2231. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.15186
Robinson, P. G., Douglas, G. V. A., Gibson, B. J. idr. (2019). Remuneration of primary dental care in England: A qualitative framework analysis of perspectives of a new service delivery model incorporating incentives for improved access, quality and health outcomes. BMJ Open, 9(10), e031886. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031886
Rochefort, C. M., Beauchamp, M.-E., Audet, L.-A. idr. (2020). Associations of 4 Nurse Staffing Practices With Hospital Mortality. Medical Care, 58(10), 912–918. https://doi.org/10.1097/MLR.0000000000001397
Rosen, M. A., DiazGranados, D., Dietz, A. S. idr. (2018). Teamwork in healthcare: Key discoveries enabling safer, high-quality care. American Psychologist, 73(4), 433–450. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000298
Sandom, F., Hearnshaw, S., Grant, S. idr. (2022). The in-practice prevention programme: An example of flexible commissioning from Yorkshire and the Humber. British Dental Journal. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-022-4140-y
Sansavini, C. (2021). La forza del team. Le regole dello sport nel lavoro Copertina. (1. izd., Let. 2021). Giunti Editore S.p.A.
Seston, E. M., Schafheutle, E. I., Willis, S. C. (2022). “A little bit more looking…listening and feeling” A qualitative interview study exploring advanced clinical practice in primary care and community pharmacy. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy, 44(2), 381–388. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11096-021-01353-9
Shepperd, S., Gonçalves-Bradley, D. C., Straus, S. E. idr. (2016). Hospital at home: Home-based end-of-life care. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009231.pub2
Sibbald, B., Shen, J., Mcbride, A. (2004). Changing the skill-mix of the health care workforce. Journal of Health Services Research & Policy, 9(1_suppl), 28–38. https://doi.org/10.1258/135581904322724112
Sinclair, A., Eyre, C., Petts, H. idr. (2018). Introduction of pharmacy technicians onto a busy oncology ward as part of the nursing team. European Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 25(2), 92–95. https://doi.org/10.1136/ejhpharm-2016-000951
Smith, J. G., Plover, C. M., McChesney, M. C. idr. (2019a). Rural Hospital Nursing Skill Mix and Work Environment Associated With Frequency of Adverse Events. SAGE Open Nursing, 5, 237796081984824. https://doi.org/10.1177/2377960819848246
Smith, J. G., Plover, C. M., McChesney, M. C. idr. (2019b). Isolated, small, and large hospitals have fewer nursing resources than urban hospitals: Implications for rural health policy. Public Health Nursing, phn.12612. https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.12612
Spooner, S., McDermott, I., Goff, M. idr. (2022). Processes supporting effective skill-mix implementation in general practice: A qualitative study. Journal of Health Services Research & Policy, 135581962210913. https://doi.org/10.1177/13558196221091356
Tsiachristas, A., Gathara, D., Aluvaala, J. idr. (2019). Effective coverage and budget implications of skill-mix change to improve neonatal nursing care: An explorative simulation study in Kenya. BMJ Global Health, 4(6), e001817. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001817
Twigg, D. E., Kutzer, Y., Jacob, E. idr. (2019). A quantitative systematic review of the association between nurse skill mix and nursing‐sensitive patient outcomes in the acute care setting. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 75(12), 3404–3423. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14194
van den Brink, G. T. W. J., Kouwen, A. J., Hooker, R. S. idr. (2019). An activity analysis of Dutch hospital-based physician assistants and nurse practitioners. Human Resources for Health, 17(1), 78. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12960-019-0423-z
van Rensburg, R. J., van der Merwe, A., Crowley, T. (2020). Factors influencing patient falls in a private hospital group in the Cape Metropole of the Western Cape. Health SA Gesondheid, 25. https://doi.org/10.4102/hsag.v25i0.1392
van Schothorst–van Roekel, J., Weggelaar-Jansen, A. M. J. W. M., Hilders, C. C. G. J. M. idr. (2021). Nurses in the lead: A qualitative study on the development of distinct nursing roles in daily nursing practice. BMC Nursing, 20(1), 97. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-021-00613-3
Veenstra, M. in Gautun, H. (2021). Nurses’ assessments of staffing adequacy in care services for older patients following hospital discharge. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 77(2), 805–818. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14636
Weber, D. L., Cubaka, V. K., Kallestrup, P. idr. (2020). Rwandan primary healthcare providers’ perception of their capability in the diagnostic practice. African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v12i1.2197
Wilson, A. (2021). Barriers and enablers to skill-mix in the oral health workforce: A systematic review. Community Dental Health, 38(2), 89. https://doi.org/10.1922/CDH_00028-2019Wilson11
Winter, V., Dietermann, K., Schneider, U. idr. (2021). Nurse staffing and patient-perceived quality of nursing care: A cross-sectional analysis of survey and administrative data in German hospitals. BMJ Open, 11(11), e051133. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051133
Yousefi, M., Ebrahimi, Z., Fazaeli, S. (2022). The Experiences of Nurses of Infectious and Non-Infectious Wards of Caring COVID-19 Patients in a Big Hospital in Iran: A Qualitative Study. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 27(1), 35–40. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnmr.IJNMR_459_20
Zajac, S., Woods, A., Tannenbaum, S. idr. (2021). Overcoming Challenges to Teamwork in Healthcare: A Team Effectiveness Framework and Evidence-Based Guidance. Frontiers in Communication, 6, 606445. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2021.606445
Prenosi
Objavljeno
Kako citirati
Številka
Rubrike
Licenca
Avtorske pravice (c) 2022 Tamara Štemberger Kolnik, Bojana Filej, Andreja Ljubič
To delo je licencirano pod Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva 4.0 mednarodno licenco.
