Experiencing and Coping with the Hazards and Adaptations of the Home Environment in Older Adults

Authors

  • Alenka Oven Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana
  • Anja Bolte Jesenice General Hospital

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55707/jhs.v9i2.133

Keywords:

older adults, home environment, barriers and supports, adaptations, occupational therapy

Abstract

An elderly person is someone who has reached the age of 65, and this age is classified as the third stage of life, characterized by many changes in the bio-physiological, psychological and social spheres. We wanted to find out how older adults experience their home environment, what limitations they face there, how this affects their daily functioning, and whether they use any strategies, aids or adaptations in their home. As part of our qualitative research, we conducted five semi-structured interviews with older people living in a home environment. During qualitative data analysis, we identified 3 categories, 12 subcategories and 43 codes. We found that the home environment encourages older people to engage in activities, and enables them to access services and maintain or strengthen their social network. Older adults use few strategies, aids and adaptations, and the involvement of an occupational therapist is also very important, but is not yet well-known in Slovenia.

References

AOTA (2020b). Home modifications and occupational therapy. Dostopno na: https://www.aota.org/About-Occupational-Therapy/Professionals/PA/Facts/Home-Modifications.aspx (pridobljeno 2. 12. 2020).

Australian commission on safety and quality in health care (2009). Preventing falls and harm from falls in older people, Best practice guidelines for Australian community care. Dostopno na: https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/sites/default/files/migrated/Guidelines-COMM.pdf (pridobljeno 8. 12. 2020).

Birk, M., Bučar Baras, A., Grkman, K. idr. (2016). Učinkovitost delovnoterapevtske obravnave v domačem okolju. V: Batič, L., Pišot, R., Tomšič, M. idr. (ur.). Aktivno in kvalitetno staranje v domačem okolju (A-Qu-A). Norveški finančni mehanizem 2009 - 2014. 1. (str. 188-194). Ljubljana: Solos.

Blanchard - Fields, F., Mienaltowski, A. in Baldi Seay, R. (2007). Age differences in everyday problem-solving effectiveness: older adults select more effective strategies for interpersonal problems. The Journals of Gerontology, Series B, 62(1,) 61-64. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/62.1.P61

Boh, P. (2020). Delovni terapevt kot del integrirane oskrbe starejših ljudi v domačem okolju. Slovenska revija delovnih terapevtov, 9(1), 226-233.

Brundle, C., Waterman, H. A., Ballinger, C. idr. (2015). The causes of falls: views of older people with visual impairment. Health Expectations, 18(6), 2021-2031. https://doi.org/10.1111/hex.12355

Chiatti, C. in Iwarsson, S. (2014). Evaluation of housing adaptation interventions: integrating the economic perspective into occupational therapy practice. Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 21(5), 323-333. https://doi.org/10.3109/11038128.2014.900109

Child, S., Goodwin, V., Garside, R. idr. (2012). Factors influencing the implementation of fallprevention programmes: a systematic review and synthesis of qualitative studies. Implementation Science, 7(91). https://doi.org/10.1186/1748-5908-7-91

Coleman, T., Kearns, R. A. in Wiles, J. (2016). Older adults' experiences of home maintenance issues and opportunities to maintain ageing in place. Housing Studies, 31(8), 964-983. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673037.2016.1164834

Foye, C., Clapham, D. in Gabrieli, T. (2018). Home-ownership as a social norm and positional good: subjective wellbeing evidence from panel data. Urban Studies, 55(6), 1290-1312. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098017695478

Grdiša, R. in Koltaj, P. (2014). Majhni posegi za velike učinke, Prilagoditve bivalnega okolja in uporaba pripomočkov za starejše. Zveza društev upokojencev Slovenije (ZDUS). Dostopno na: http://zdus-zveza.si/docs/SVETOVALNICA-BIVANJE/Majhni_posegi_za_velike_ucinke.pdf (pridobljeno 13. 8. 2020).

Hatcher, D., Chang, E., Schmied, V. idr. (2019). Exploring the perspectives of older people on the concept of home. Journal of Aging Research, article ID 2679680. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2679680

Hillcoat - Nallétamby, S. (2014). The meaning of »independence« for older people in different residential settings. The journals of gerontology, Series B, 69 (3), 419-430. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbu008

Hoenig, H., Taylor, D. H. in Sloan, F. A. (2003). Does assistive technology substitute for personal assistance among the disabled elderly? American Journal of Public Health, 93(2), 330-337. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.93.2.330

Hrovatin, J. in Perše, M. (2016). Stanje na področju prilagojenosti notranje opreme potrebam starejših. V: Batič, L., Pišot, R., Tomšič, M. idr. (ur.). Aktivno in kvalitetno staranje v domačem okolju (A-Qu-A). Norveški finančni mehanizem 2009-2014. 1. natis. (str. 233-238). Ljubljana: Solos.

Jurdana, M., Poklar Vatovec, T. in Peršolja Černe, M. (2011). Razsežnosti kakovostnega staranja. Koper: Univerza na Primorskem, Znanstveno-raziskovalno središče, Univerzitetna založba Annales.

Kavčič, M., Filipovič Hrast, M. in Hlebec, V. (2012). Starejši ljudje in njihove strategije shajanja s tveganji za zdravje. Zdravstveno varstvo, 51(3), 163-72.

Kerbler, B. K., Sendi, R. in Filipovič Hrast, M. (2017). Odnos starejših ljudi do doma in domačega bivalnega okolja. Urbani izziv, 28(2), 18-3. https://doi.org/10.5379/urbani-izziv-2017-28-02-002

Kordeš, U. in Smrdu, M. (2015). Osnove kvalitativnega raziskovanja. Koper: Založba Univerze na Primorskem.

Križaj, J. (2014). Položaj delovnih terapevtov v primarni zdravstveni dejavnosti. V: Tomšič, M. (ur.). Posvetovanje Zrela leta slovenske delovne terapije (str. 13-20). Ljubljana: Zdravstvena fakulteta.

Lara, R., Vázquez, M. L., Ogallar, A. idr. (2020). Psychosocial resources for hedonic balance, life satisfaction and happines in the elderly: a path analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17 (16), 5684. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165684

Lindley, S. in Wallace, J. (2015). Placing in age: transitioning to a new home in later life. ACM Transaction on Computer-Human Interaction, 22(4), 1-39. https://doi.org/10.1145/2755562

Lowen, T., Davern, M. T., Mavoa, S. idr. (2015). Age-friendly cities and communities: access to services for older people. Australian Planner, 52(4), 255-265. https://doi.org/10.1080/07293682.2015.1047874

Massey, B., Edwards, A. V. in Musikanski, L. (2020). Life satisfaction, affect, and belonging in older adults. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 16(2), 1205-1219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-019-09804-2

Ocepek, J. in Pihlar, Z. (2013). Ocenjevanje okolja in dokazi o vplivu prilagoditev domačega okolja na kakovost življenja ljudi z različnimi okvarami. Rehabilitacija, 7(1), 45-51.

Petersson, I., Kottorp, A., Bergström, J. idr. (2009). Longitudinal changes in everyday life after home modifications for people aging with disabilities. Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 16(2), 78-87. https://doi.org/10.1080/11038120802409747

Robida, T. in Burger, H. (2020). Prilagoditve domačega okolja - ocena potencialnih ovir v domačem okolju, pri osebah po amputaciji spodnjega uda - delni rezultati. Slovenska revija delovnih terapevtov, 9(1), 154-161.

Roljić, S. in Kobentar, R. (2017). Starost kot izziv: zdravje in oskrba. Ljubljana: Javni zavod Cene Štupar - center za izobraževanje. Dostopno na: https://www.zlus.si/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Starost-kot-izziv-zdravje-in-oskrba-cip.pdf (pridobljeno 18. 8. 2020).

Rubenstein, L. Z. (2006). Falls in older people: epidemiology, risk factors and strategies for prevention. Age and Ageing, 35(2), 37-41. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afl084

Seplaki, C. L., Agree, E. M., Weiss, C. O. idr. (2014). Assisstive devices in context: cross-sectional association between challenges in the home environment and use of assistive devices for mobility. The Gerontologist, 54(4), 651-660 https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnt030

Shankar, K. N., Taylor, D., Rizzo, C. T. idr. (2017). Exploring older adult ED fall patients' understanding of their fall: a qualitative study. Geriatric Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation, 8(4), 231-237. https://doi.org/10.1177/2151458517738440

Stenhagen, M., Ekström, H., Nordell, E. idr. (2014). Both deterioration and improvement in activities of daily living are related to falls: a 6-year follow-up of the general elderly population study good aging in Skåne. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 9, 1839-1846. https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S70075

Tanner, B., Tilse, C. in de Jonge, D. (2008). Restoring and sustaining home: the impact of home modifications on the meaning of home for older people. Journal of Housing For the Elderly, 22(3), 195-215. https://doi.org/10.1080/02763890802232048

Thordardottir, B., Fänge, A. M., Chiatti, C. idr. (2019). Participation in everyday life before and after a housing adaptation. Journal of Housing For the Elderly, 33(1), 41-55. https://doi.org/10.1080/02763893.2018.1451800

Vanleerberghe, P., Witte, N., Claes, C. idr. (2017) The quality of life of older people aging in place: a literature review. Quality of Life Research, 26(11), 2899-2907. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-017-1651-0

Varshneya, H. in Sonawane, J. (2020). Implementation of environmental modifications in reducing fear of falling and studying its relationship with activity level and activity restriction among older adults living in old-age home: a one-arm interventional study. The Indian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 52(1), 3-7.

WFOT - World Federation of Occupational Therapists (2020). About occupational therapy. Dostopno na: https://www.wfot.org/about/about-occupational-therapy (pridobljeno dne 2. 12. 2020).

Wiles, J. L., Leibing, A., Guberman, N. idr. (2012). The meaning of »aging in place« to older people. The Gerontologist, 52(3), 357-366 https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnr098

Zakon o varstvu osebnih podatkov (ZVOP-1). (2007). Uradni list RS, št. 94/07 in 177/20. s svetovnega spleta: http://pisrs.si/Pis.web/pregledPredpisa?id=ZAKO3906

Galof, K. (ur.) (2018). Kodeks etike delovnih terapevtov Slovenije & Standardi prakse v delovni terapiji. Ljubljana: ZDTS - Zbornica delovnih terapevtov Slovenije - strokovno združenje. Dostopno na: https://zdts.si/index.php/dokumenti/send/2-splosni-dokumenti/2-kodeks-etikedelovnih-terapevtov-slovenije (pridobljeno dne 14. 8. 2020).

Zupan, D. in Grmek Košnik, I. (2011). Odnos slovenskih starostnikov do preprečevanja padcev. Zdravstveno Varstvo, 50(4), 213-226.

Železnik, B., Sendi, R. in Kerbler, B. K. (2020). Stanovanje v starosti: prilagoditve domačega okolja za kakovostno bivanje. Ljubljana: Urbanistični inštitut Republike Slovenije.

Published

2022-12-22

How to Cite

Oven, A., & Bolte, A. (2022). Experiencing and Coping with the Hazards and Adaptations of the Home Environment in Older Adults. Revija Za Zdravstvene Vede, 9(2), 3–18. https://doi.org/10.55707/jhs.v9i2.133

Issue

Section

Articles